Turkey, which stands on the Anatolia, is the cradle of the civilizations. In the history, Anatolia was attracting lots of people with its geopolitical value as well as the natural beauties; so that lots of civilization was settle in. Each civilization that settles in was preserve the last civilization’s works as well as built their own building for meeting their own needs. In brief, Turkey carries the footprints of the lots of civilizations; there is a huge cultural heritage, a large collective memory. We can see cultural co-existing in everywhere. Also, each part of the cultural heritage is a part of the community’s social and cultural history. So those for preserving the cultural and social history in Turkey we need to preserve the whole heritage.
Firstly; Anatolia is accepted as one of the first places that people was settle when they come from the caves. For example Çatalhöyük is one of these settlements. With the buildings and city planning, it’s a wonderful example to display as the life style at that period. Nowadays, the excavations still continuing and with the remains all of the materials that was found are reminding a museum. According to me, protect the city remains that can be accepted as a cultural heritage is important to preserving the historical period’s remains. At the present time, on Hattusha where was the capital city of Hittites whom was the first civilization that set up an organized state on Anatolia, excavations still continuing, too. Because of the showing us the city planning of the Hittites, these remains should be preserved too.
Also this land was used in Hellenistic time too. As well as the Hierapolis, Troy which was appeared in Iliad is one of the antic cities in Turkey. In Troy, excavators found lots of historical layers along the belongings, there is a collective memory. For these reasons it should be preserved too.
Likewise, plenty of constructions which was built in the period of Seljuk Empire, that Turks were permanently settled down in the area, are mostly came across in Anatolia. The most temptingly example of the period is the Divrigi Great Mosque and its complex which are currently in a good situation in terms of the continuance of individual functions. The mosque was in the UNESCO World Cultural Heritage List. Utility of the buildings with the stone and wood carvings the whole complex is worth to preserve.
Furthermore, the most fascinating city is the Istanbul in Anatolia. The city has hosted the Byzantium, after then the Ottoman Empire and every empire show its force through the structures. In Istanbul the most magnificent construction of the Byzantium time is the Hagia Sophia. It was built as a church but at the Ottoman time minarets was added and it was converted to a mosque. Nowadays it was restored and converted to a museum. The building where everyone can see the symbols of the two religions should be preserved as the sign of the variety of religious and tolerance. Besides of Byzantium constructions, there are Ottoman Empire period ones too. When the Ottoman’s came to town some buildings were preserved, some of them were converted. Also they were built new ones too. Süleymaniye Complex that was built for meeting the community’s needs is one of them. Because of the showing the period’s architectural review as well as the social life its worth to preserving.
Besides of the monumental buildings, on lots the cities in Anatolia there are houses which were built with the local architectural preferences. The wooden houses in Safranbolu, the stone houses in Midyat, graved to the underground and the mounts ones in Kapadokya are the examples of the civilian architecture. All of them should be preserved too because they reflect the period’s history, social life and relation with the nature.
As a consequence, according to me cultural variety, which caused by the civilizations that settled on, is the biggest richness. If we preserve only a group of building or a period’s constructions, we will cut the collective memory. So that, to preserve our cultural and social history it is important to consider the whole constructions together because in our community there are lots of cultural significances.
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