I am afraid I never traveled by train.I have realized that railways have a major role in our culture and community.First I learned it from the movies that I watched,from the stories that I was told.When I grew up and choosed architecture major,I started to read about railway heritage.I am living in the Asian side of İstanbul,so Haydarpaşa Railway Station is fascinates me more than other examples.
Haydarpaşa Railway Station was the initial step for opening to Anatolia and Middle East.The building was built in 1906 in the era of ıı.Abdülhamit who was an Ottoman Emperor. Neo-Classical German Architecture style was used .German architects Otto Ritter and Helmuth Conu had a big role in that.
In the eras that highways weren’t improved;transportation of passengers and soldiers provided by the relation to Haydarpaşa.Then railroads extended to Anatolian cities and connected to İstanbul.It increase the importance of Haydarpaşa Railroad.All common people,government people,workers,soldiers’s transportation was derived by Haydarpaşa.It’s also a loop for whole Anatolia.It was just the unique railway connection.That’s way Haydarpaşa Station was affected on films and literature.In that era film and literature contains the subjects of convergence and seperation.It was the first connector item between Anatolia-Bağdat Railroad and İstanbul ;this provides another significance.Haydarpaşa was the gate.The people from Anatolia ,fist saw Haydarpaşa when they came to İstanbul.Station was first image for them.
If we think about preserving the railway constitutions Peter Burmen explain it with the answer of the question ’’What is railway heritage?’’.He give example from the manifesto of William Morris which was published in 1877 and he reminded that with these sentences: ’’…a item which has a value in the ways of artistic,historical and ancient ,in other words everything that good educated ones or artists worths to talk…’’.Without a doubt Haydarpaşa is one of the most important railway stations in Turkey.But we can observe that in Turkey,there is no systematic preservation program for cultural values.Lately,Haydarpaşa Station was named ‘’Industrial Heritage’’ by UNESCO.There was no official registration until 1997.Anatolian Railway Heritage is valuable as the other examples in the world,by the way of influencing it’s own communities economical and social life.But community and official bodies aren’t concious enuough. (Anadolu Demiryolu Mirası ve Korunması- Yonca KÖSEBAY ERKAN, Zeynep AHUNBAY; Tarihi Çevre Koruma ve Restorasyon- Zeynep AHUNBAY )
There are some contemporary threats.’’Marmaray Project’’ which aims to extinguish the suburb trains and will be connected to other continent of İstanbul under the sea along the Bosphorus.This project going to deactivate the Haydarpaşa Station.Furthermore urban renewal projects that threaten Haydarpaşa;causes the transfiguration of station.This Project determines deactivation of station and will build-up highrise towers around terminal as ‘’Manhattan’’.It will also effect the waterfronts value of İstanbul.I think it’ totally stranger for this site.But it’s stil happy to see Haydarpaşa community reactions against the projects. (http://forum.arkitera.com )
Actually I definetly support the idea of preversing station as it was used before.In other word I don’t want it to seperate it from it’s own function.Ripping off stations’ major function is not a smart proposal.Way of preservation must be rely on protecting it’s own function and extend it new functions.These extensions must rely on historical datas and physical architectural realities.Station must sustain it’s relation with train and gain some new functions.Awareness of this heritages must be imposed to community.It’s possible by refreshing memories,creating self and social awareness and destroying bias against the historical integrity.
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